Competition between mass-symmetric and asymmetric fission modes in 258Md produced in the 4He + 254Es reaction

Abstract

Earlier studies of spontaneous fission of heavy actinides found that the fission-fragment mass distribution suddenly changes from predominantly asymmetric to symmetric, when the mass number of the fissioning nucleus becomes larger than Ac = 257. We have measured for the first time fission-fragment mass and totalkinetic-energy (TKE) distributions of the excited compound nucleus 258Md∗ (Z = 101), populated in the reaction 4 He + 254Es, using the rare radioactive target isotope 254Es with a short half-life, T1/2 = 275.7 d. The fission of 258Md∗ can be interpreted as involving three fission modes: one mass-asymmetric and two mass-symmetric fission modes, the latter two are manifested by different TKE values. In this assumption, symmetric and asymmetric fission modes have nearly similar yields at the excitation energy of 15.0 MeV. The spectrum of 18.0 MeV can be explained as due to the increase of asymmetric fission mode.